1. Taoism and Chinese folk religion (30% - 80%)
2. Buddhists (10% - 16%)
3. Christians (2%-4%)
4. Muslims (1%-2%)
5. Protestanism
Some scholars prefer not to use the term "religion" in reference to belief systems in China, and suggest "cultural practices", "thought systems" or "philosophies" as more appropriate terms.
“By 2030, China will almost certainly have more Christians than any other country and the Communist party is very alarmed.
Chinese officials often cite the experience of Poland, where they believe the Catholic Church helped destroy communism and, although the two situations are not really comparable, the party still sees Christianity as a very serious threat that it needs to suppress.
Christianity is booming in China, propelling it toward becoming the
world's largest Christian nation. But as religion grows, it spurs a
government crackdown.
While Christianity is waning in many parts of the world, in China it
is growing rapidly – despite state strictures. The rise in evangelical
Protestantism in particular, driven both by people’s spiritual yearnings
and individual human needs in a collective society, is taking place in
nearly every part of the nation.“I come because I found a love here that isn’t dependent on a person,” says Du Wang, a young businesswoman in Hangzhou. “It is like a river that doesn’t go away.”
Yet as Chinese achieve material wealth and success, many feel lost. The success of economic reforms under Chinese leader Deng, launched in the early 1990s, has not helped rebuild China’s spiritual infrastructure, decimated during war and the Cultural Revolution. China’s rise has come with a cost: a loss of traditional values and the rise of cheating, corruption, and fierce competition.
Known throughout China as the “Jerusalem of the east” because of its huge Christian population, Wenzhou is an obvious target for a government concerned about the spread of this “subversive” religion. Until recently, one of the most striking things about the city was the abundance of giant ornate cathedrals and huge neon-lit crosses dotted around town and the surrounding countryside. Local church groups estimate at least 10 per cent of Wenzhou’s population – more than 1.2 million people – attends a Protestant congregation regularly. Just as in the rest of China, the Catholic population is much smaller but still numbers in the hundreds of thousands. They have also been subject to forced cross removals, harassment, increased surveillance and detentions for “illegal” worship this year.
The Vatican and Beijing have had no formal relations since the Communist Party came into power in 1949.
Officially
an atheist country, China does not recognize the authority of the
Vatican over its millions of Catholics. Instead, it has set up its own
Catholic governing body, known as the Chinese Patriotic Catholic
Association that answers to the Party.
This association is similar to other state organizations that manage
followers of major faiths, including the Three-Self Patriotic Movement
for Protestants and the Chinese Patriotic Islamic Association.
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